1. Why 32-Bit Support is Needed in Ubuntu
Overview
As many systems transition to 64-bit, there is still a need for 32-bit support in older PCs and resource-limited environments. This is particularly important for educational institutions, businesses, and users who need to run legacy systems. The continued use of 32-bit hardware is often due to the affordability of low-cost PCs and the emphasis on energy efficiency in specific use cases.
Current State of 32-Bit Support and Security Risks
Since Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, official support for 32-bit versions has been discontinued. This decision was made to allow the Ubuntu team to focus resources on improving the 64-bit environment, reducing support for the relatively small number of 32-bit users. However, continuing to use a 32-bit system carries security risks, such as the lack of updates for browsers like Chromium and Firefox, meaning users may not receive the latest features or security patches.
2. Current Status of Ubuntu’s 32-Bit Support
Ubuntu Versions That Still Support 32-Bit
Ubuntu’s official support for 32-bit lasted until version 18.04 LTS, after which only 64-bit environments were supported. If 32-bit is still required, users can utilize older versions such as Ubuntu 16.04 or 18.04. However, these versions no longer receive security updates, so caution is needed when using them in an online environment.
Impact of 32-Bit Support Termination
As a result of Ubuntu discontinuing 32-bit support, certain applications like Wine may have limited functionality. Additionally, some games and business software that rely on 32-bit support may lose compatibility. Given this situation, users who wish to continue using a 32-bit environment are encouraged to transition to other Ubuntu-based distributions.
3. Ubuntu-Based Alternative Distributions for 32-Bit Systems
Emmabuntüs
Emmabuntüs is an Ubuntu-based distribution designed for older PCs and educational institutions. It actively supports 32-bit systems as part of efforts to promote environmental sustainability and bridge the digital divide. With an intuitive interface and a simple design, it is an easy-to-use distribution, even for beginners.
MX Linux
MX Linux is a Debian-based distribution known for its customization options and lightweight performance. It features the XFCE desktop environment, ensuring smooth operation even on older PCs. Optimized for 32-bit systems, it has gained popularity as an alternative to Ubuntu.
Q4OS
Q4OS is a lightweight and stable distribution that uses the Trinity Desktop Environment, making it well-suited for resource-limited systems. Designed to extend the lifespan of older PCs, it operates efficiently even with minimal memory and processing power, making it ideal for entry-level users.
4. Running 32-Bit Applications on 64-Bit Ubuntu
Setting Up Multiarch and Installing 32-Bit Applications
To run 32-bit applications on a 64-bit version of Ubuntu, Multiarch support must be enabled. This allows the installation of 32-bit libraries and enables the use of 32-bit-specific applications such as Wine and retro games. Follow these steps to set up Multiarch support:
sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386
sudo apt update
sudo apt install lib32z1 lib32ncurses6 lib32stdc++6By enabling Multiarch support, users can maintain compatibility with 32-bit applications even on 64-bit Ubuntu. This setup also allows for the use of software that depends on 32-bit applications, such as Steam.
5. Summary and Future Outlook
Current State of 32-Bit Support and Recommended Options
With the end of Ubuntu’s 32-bit support, users who still need a 32-bit environment have viable alternatives such as MX Linux and Q4OS. These alternative distributions are lightweight and offer extensive 32-bit support, making them a stable and reliable choice for older PCs.
Advice and Considerations for the Future
As the shift to 64-bit environments continues, 32-bit support is expected to become even more scarce. For users who want to maintain a 32-bit system, it is crucial to ensure security and compatibility by utilizing alternative distributions and setting up Multiarch support. To safely and efficiently use older systems, staying updated with the latest information and making informed decisions is essential.