Complete Guide to apt install on Ubuntu | From Basic Operations to Troubleshooting

By 佐川 直弘 | Naohiro Sagawa (運営者)

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1. Introduction

When using Ubuntu, the apt install command is essential for installing and managing software. This command allows you to easily install software from the package repository.

In this article, we provide a detailed guide on apt install, covering everything from basic usage to advanced applications, troubleshooting, and frequently asked questions. Whether you’re a beginner or an intermediate user, this guide will help you manage Ubuntu packages smoothly.

2. What is the apt Command?

What is apt?

apt (Advanced Package Tool) is a command-line tool used for package management on Ubuntu and other Debian-based Linux distributions. With APT, you can perform the following operations:

• Install software
• Update software
• Remove unnecessary software
• Resolve dependencies

Ubuntu’s package management primarily relies on the apt command.

Difference Between apt and apt-get

Previously, apt-get was the standard command, but apt is now recommended. The key differences are summarized in the table below:

For general package management, use apt. If you need advanced control, apt-get may be useful.

3. Basic apt Command Usage

Updating the Package List

Before installing software, update the package list to ensure you have the latest version information.

sudo apt update

Running this command refreshes Ubuntu’s package manager with the latest available software list.
Tip: If you install software without updating, you may not get the latest version. It’s recommended to run this command regularly.

Installing a Package

To install new software, use the following command:

sudo apt install package-name

For example, to install curl, run:

sudo apt install curl

During installation, you will see a message indicating the package size and asking for confirmation. Press “Y” to proceed.

Removing a Package

To remove software you no longer need, use the following command:

sudo apt remove package-name

For example, to remove curl, run:

sudo apt remove curl

If you want to remove the package along with its configuration files, use:

sudo apt purge package-name

4. Advanced apt Command Usage

Upgrading Specific Packages

Instead of upgrading the entire system, you can update a specific package to its latest version.

sudo apt install --only-upgrade package-name

Example: To upgrade vim, run:

sudo apt install --only-upgrade vim

Removing Unused Packages Automatically

To clean up unnecessary packages that were installed as dependencies but are no longer needed, use the following command:

sudo apt autoremove

This helps free up disk space by removing redundant packages.

Displaying Package Details

To view detailed information about a package, use:

apt show package-name

Example: To check details of git, run:

apt show git

Listing Installed Packages

To view all installed packages on your system, run:

apt list --installed

5. Common Troubleshooting

Dependency Issues

If you encounter dependency issues while installing a package, try running:

sudo apt install -f

This command attempts to fix broken dependencies.

Adding and Removing Repositories

Some software requires additional repositories. You can add a repository using:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:repository-name
sudo apt update

To remove an unwanted repository, use:

sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:repository-name
sudo apt update

6. FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

Should I Use apt or apt-get?

For most users, apt is recommended for a more user-friendly experience. However, advanced users may still prefer apt-get for specific tasks.

What’s the Difference Between apt update and apt upgrade?

• apt update → Updates the package list
• apt upgrade → Upgrades installed packages to the latest versions

How Do I Upgrade Only a Specific Package?

Use the following command:

sudo apt install --only-upgrade package-name

How Do I Check Where a Package is Installed?

Run the following command:

dpkg -L package-name

How Do I Check the Source of a Package?

To find out which repository a package is coming from, use:

apt-cache policy package-name

7. Conclusion

In this guide, we have covered everything from the basics of apt install to advanced usage, troubleshooting, and FAQs.
By mastering the apt command, you can efficiently manage your Ubuntu environment.

📌 Useful Links:

• Official Ubuntu Package Management Guide

Keep exploring and learning more about Ubuntu to optimize your system management!