How to Harness the Power of Open Source – Welcome to the World of Ubuntu

Easy for Beginners! Complete Guide to Downloading and Installing Ubuntu

Basics of Ubuntu
佐川 直弘 | Naohiro Sagawa
By 佐川 直弘 | Naohiro Sagawa (運営者)
※記事内に広告を含みます。Amazonアソシエイトとして適格販売により収入を得ています。　
目次

1. Introduction

Ubuntu is a widely used open-source operating system known for its stability and security. It is particularly appealing to users transitioning from Windows or macOS to Linux due to its user-friendly nature.
In this article, we will provide a step-by-step guide covering how to download, install, set up, and troubleshoot Ubuntu. This guide is designed to make the process easy, even for beginners.

2. Ubuntu Download Options

Ubuntu Desktop

For individual users and those who need a desktop environment, Ubuntu Desktop is the best choice. The LTS (Long Term Support) version, in particular, provides security updates for five years, making it ideal for those seeking a stable environment. The desktop interface is highly intuitive, allowing users to complete everyday tasks easily.

Ubuntu Server

Ubuntu Server is primarily used in enterprise cloud environments and for large-scale data processing. It does not include a GUI but offers powerful command-line interface (CLI) capabilities, making it an excellent choice for system administrators and developers.

Other Options

  • Ubuntu Core: A version designed for IoT devices and embedded systems with a focus on security management.
  • Ubuntu for Raspberry Pi: A lightweight yet powerful version for small devices.

Choose the version that best suits your needs and download it from the official site to begin the installation process.

3. Preparing for the Ubuntu Download

Before you start downloading Ubuntu, make sure you have everything ready. This will ensure a smooth installation process.

System Requirements

  • Processor: 2 GHz dual-core or higher
  • Memory: 4GB or more (8GB recommended)
  • Disk Space: At least 25GB of free storage
  • Network: Internet connection (required for updates and package downloads)

Preparing Installation Media

  1. Create a Bootable USB Drive: Download the Ubuntu ISO file from the official website and use software like Rufus or BalenaEtcher to create a bootable USB drive.
  1. Check BIOS Settings: Before installation, make sure your PC’s BIOS settings allow USB booting.

4. Installing Ubuntu

The Ubuntu installation process is straightforward, making it easy even for first-time users. Follow the steps below to install Ubuntu.

Standard Installation

  1. Insert the bootable USB drive into your PC and restart it. Select the USB drive from the boot menu to launch the Ubuntu installer.
  2. Choose your preferred language on the installer screen and select “Install Ubuntu“.
  3. Erase disk and install Ubuntu: If you want a fresh installation, this option will delete all existing data and use the entire disk.
  • Additional options include disk encryption and LVM (Logical Volume Management) to enhance security.

Custom Partitioning

If you want to set up a dual boot or keep existing data, choose manual partitioning. Be extra careful when selecting drives, especially if installing alongside Windows.

5. Post-Installation Setup and Customization

After installing Ubuntu, the next steps involve setting up and customizing your system.

Setting Up User Accounts

Log in using the username and password you set during installation. For better security, it is recommended to disable automatic login.

Installing Additional Software

Ubuntu provides multiple ways to easily install applications.

  • Ubuntu Software Center: A graphical interface that allows you to browse and install various applications effortlessly.
  • APT Command: Use the terminal to install software with the sudo apt install command.

System Updates

To ensure you have the latest security patches and feature updates, regularly update your system. Use the following commands to keep your system up to date:

  • sudo apt update
  • sudo apt upgrade

6. Troubleshooting and Support Resources

If you encounter issues while using Ubuntu, there are many support resources available. Here are some common problems and their solutions.

Common Issues and Solutions

  1. Installation Freezes: If the installation process stops unexpectedly, your ISO file may be corrupted. Try downloading it again from the official site.
  2. Network Connection Issues: If Wi-Fi is not recognized, run the command sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall to install the necessary drivers.

Support Resources

  • Ask Ubuntu: A community-driven site where you can search for answers and post questions about Ubuntu.
  • Ask Ubuntu
  • Ubuntu Forums: A place where Ubuntu users discuss issues and share solutions.
  • Ubuntu Forums

7. Conclusion

Ubuntu is a user-friendly, stable, and secure operating system, making it an excellent choice for both desktop and server use. By following this guide, you can easily install and configure Ubuntu to suit your needs. If you run into any issues, utilize official resources and community support to find solutions quickly.

Now, it’s time to download Ubuntu and take your computing experience to the next level!